Designing New Clothes

1984 Review

Career Passports and Career Portfolios Essay Essay Example

Vocation Passports and Career Portfolios Essay Example Vocation Passports and Career Portfolios Essay Vocation Passports and Career Portfolios Essay Portfolios have for quite some time been utilized in certain callings to exhibit proficient work and achievement. In guidance. portfolios have other than been utilized for examination. counting self-appraisal ( Lankes 1995 ; Pond et al. 1998 ) . Both calling portfolios and calling visas mirror this twofold center understudies survey themselves in the technique of building up a product. also, the subsequent product show windows and paperss their encounters and achievements. A separation is once in a while drawn between a portfolio as formative and a visa as summational ( Bridging the Gap 1993 ) . With portfolios. more complement is put on the formative strategy of self-evaluation. arranging. furthermore, objective setting ; with identifications. more emphasize is put on the finishing up stock that summarizes the results of the method and imparts them to other people. In design. by the by. the two identifications and portfolios speak to a blend of formative technique and summational product. The estimation of the identification or portfolio is other than twofold: students go to an awareness of their ain achievements and experience. also, bosses have more extravagant. more intricate data for connecting with conclusions than is given in transcripts and sheepskin. Similarly ahead of schedule as the mid-1980s. Charner and Bhaerman ( 1986 ) supported a Career Passport as a way for optional understudies to place and archive their work and nonwork encounters and to decipher those encounters into articulations of achievements explicitly identified with work. The methodology was fundamental for students to comprehend what they brought to the table to businesses ; the following Career Passport furnished managers with basic data to enhance the data in school transcripts or even sketchs. The Ohio Individual Career Plan ( ICP ) and Career Passport. The Ohio Career Passport is the completing dash of students’ calling dynamic strategy. started before the ninth class ( Gahris n. d. The arranging and assurance concocting associated with the ICP method lead to each student’s Career Passport. a single endorsement dwelling a variety of formal paperss that students use in the accompanying measure after secondary school. Segments incorporate a note of affirmation from the school ; an understudy created sketch ; a student story putting calling closes and certain on a fundamental level ; a transcript ( including going to ) ; sheepskin. accreditations. licenses. or on the other hand different endorsements ; and a rundown of a particular pro fessional arrangement skills. The area suggests dwelling those constituents in a steady. simple conspicuous booklet. Understudies create ICPs through calling inclusion and fitness evaluation. geographic campaign encounters. sooner through occupation following. furthermore, one-year reappraisal and change in secondary school. The ICP and Career Passport can be created in any statewide course of study nation yet most much of the time this happens in English or cultural surveies. with help from the figuring machine educator and insight advisor. Study hall bolster stuffs incorporate basic. focus. what's more, secondary school Career Development Blueprints and test action bundles ( Classroom Support Materials n. d. ) . All Ohio schools are required to gracefully understudies the opportunity to complete the ICP and Career Passport in an organized schoolroom scene and neighborhood educational committees may do the Career Passport a graduation interest for their domain. despite the fact that guardians may take non to hold their child included. The South Dakota Career and Life Planning Portfolio. The Career and Life Planning Portfolio is a total of work that paperss a student’s achievements. capacities. what's more, yearnings ( Division of Workforce and Career Preparation 1999 ; â€Å"DWCP Wins National Award† 2000 ) . Typically composed in a standard coat with shading coded booklets. affirmation can incorporate the two outlines of work and data on calling and guidance arranging. achievements managers need. ventures/work tests. what's more, evaluation results. The Portfolio. which is non required. can be utilized for a combination of instructive expectations. in any case, its definitive utilization is to house the endeavors and work tests that exhibit to an imminent boss that the student has the achievements and blessings the business needs. In view of a hypothetical record created by the Sioux Falls School District and tried at 25 region secondary schools. the Portfolio is joined by course of study stuffs. exercises. what's more, assets for teachers. Vocation Certificates The Wisconsin Employability Skills Certificate. The Employability Skills Certificate Program is intended for understudies who do non partake in the Cooperative Education Skills Certificate Program and the Youth Apprenticeship Program ( Lifework Education Team 2000 ) . The Employability Skills Certificate. given by the Wisconsin Department of Public Instruction. perceives students’ order of the employability achievements recognized by the U. S. Branch of Labor’s Secretary’s Commission on Achieving Necessary Skills ( SCANS ) . To partake in the willful arrangement. neighborhood domains must flexibly three required constituents: Direction and evaluation of SCANS abilities Instruction can be given in any educational plan nation. furthermore, introduction and evaluation can happen either in the school or in the network. School-administered work-based securing experience-Considerable flexibleness is took into account nearby regions in providing work-based learning encounters. which can incorporate bing purposeful guidance. work understanding. temporary jobs. or on the other hand administration obtaining plans. A lower breaking point of 180 whole work hours is required ; occupation-related bearing is non required. Vocation arranging Working with guardians and school powers. every understudy builds up a composed Individual Career Plan ( ICP ) to do suitable calling. instructive. furthermore, word related picks. The ICP distinguishes conditional calling finishes and cement. explicit stairss after secondary school to perceive those closures ; schools deal with the ICP method and gracefully objective informations both for unique turn of events and intermittent reconsideration. The Connecticut Career Certificate ( CCC ) . Some portion of the go oning School-to-Career ( STC ) framework. the CCC checks that an understudy has aced a lot of employability. scholarly. furthermore, capable achievements distinguished in an association between the area Departments of Labor. Instruction. furthermore, Higher Education and the Connecticut Business and Industry Association ( Connecticut Department of Labor 2001 ; Stickney and Alamprese 2001 ) . The CCC is granted by state-affirmed neighborhood regions to students who accomplish every required fitness in one of eight calling bunchs. Scholastic standards ( perusing. forming. conveying achievements. math. logical order. furthermore, processing machine cognizance ) depend on state-decided degrees of open introduction on one of four examinations: Connecticut Mastery Test. directed to all eighth grade students ; the Connecticut Academic Performance Test. controlled to all tenth grade understudies ; the willful Scholastic Assessment Test ; or the intentional Comprehensive Adult Students Assessment System. Level C or D. Employability measures ( mentalities and properties. customer administration. cooperation. also, flexibility ) . which are incorporated educational plan models for every one of the eight calling bunchs. are related with SCANS achievements. Both scholastic and employability models are basic over each of the eight calling bunchs. though capable achievements and measures fluctuate by bundle. The figure of CCCs granted has expanded from 101 statewide in 1997-98 to 569 out of 2000-01. Increasingly critical per centums of secondary school understudies took an interest in STC calling improvement exercises for delineation. 72 for every centum in calling direction and 50 for every centum each in calling contribution studies and portfolio improvement. The Oregon Certificates of Mastery. By the school twelvemonth 2004-05. all Oregon secondary schools will be required to offer the Certificate of Advanced Mastery ( CAM ) . Intended to fix understudies for achievement in their following stairss after secondary school. the CAM paperss each student’s scholarly and profession related comprehension and achievements ( Oregon Department of Education 2001 ) . In the 2001 CAM hypothetical record. scholarly achievements incorporate region open introduction rules in English ( perusing. discourse creation. also, making ) math. logical order. what's more, cultural logical control ; these are four of the seven measures required for the state’s Certificate of Initial Mastery ( CIM ) . which other than incorporate workmanship. second semantic correspondence. what's more, physical guidance. CAM campaigners can run into the four required CIM open introduction models either through CIM perception and achievement preliminaries or through CIM work tests. The six profession related larning principles †fundamental achievements fundamental for accomplishment in work. school. family unit and network life† ( p. 2 ) - incorporate individual course. work excursion. imparting. cooperation. work establishments. what's more, calling advancement. To increase a CAM. every understudy must create. reappraisal. what's more, update a guidance program for following stairss after secondary school ; build up a guidance profile to archive headway and achievement ; meet open introduction standards for utilizing scholastic and profession related insight and achievements in new and complex condition of affairss ; show vocation related comprehension and achievements ; participate in arranged profession related procurement encounters ; and satisfy the four CIM models. Understudies can pick explicit nations of their guidance profile to papers and convey explicit cogn

What Is Essay Writing For School?

What Is Essay Writing For School?Students who are aspiring to get admission to a college have to undergo certain writing courses and be in the right mindset in order to take up the challenge of essay writing. Essay writing is one of the most common things that will lead you to the right path. Essay writing is a very important skill that any student should know.One of the most common requirements for being accepted in a school is having essays that will help your school to determine how well you are at school. So if you don't have a great essay written about you then you won't have a very good chance of getting accepted to a college. In fact, some students even say that they are afraid to write their own essays because they think that their essays won't be accepted.You need to write about some of the most interesting things that happen in your life so that your school can use this information. Do you want to write about how you lost weight? Did you want to write about the times when y ou have met your future spouse? Of course, the best way to make sure that your essay will be accepted is to write about some of the subjects that are related to your school.It is a fact that students tend to write about something related to their current subject. But some of them don't take the time to really write about something that has nothing to do with their current subject. And this will only bring a negative view about the essay that they write.When a student wants to get admitted to a school, he or she should always put his heart into it. You should make sure that you have your heart in writing an essay because if your essay does not seem sincere, then the judges won't accept it either. They will also refuse to have anything to do with you.Students who are interested in writing essays for school will know that they need to make sure that their essay is creative enough. The creativity is a very important aspect that will definitely help them get accepted to the school of the ir choice. If you think that your essay needs some improvements, then you should contact the school administration and you can have a professional writing service write it for you.What is essay writing for school really boils down to having a good essay. You just need to keep in mind that you need to put your heart into writing an essay and then you should be able to write well. This is why you should always remember to use your professional writing service and allow them to give you some tips on how to make sure that your essay will be accepted. This is one of the most effective ways to be accepted by schools.If you want to be accepted by the school of your choice, then you need to be creative. Essays are the one tool that can help you out with this. So if you are thinking of applying for school, then you should start writing an essay and see what happens.

Endergonic vs Exergonic Reactions and Processes

Endergonic and exergonic are two types of chemical reactions, or processes, in thermochemistry or physical chemistry. The names describe what happens to energy during the reaction. The classifications are related to endothermic and exothermic reactions, except endergonic and exergonic describe what happens with any form of energy, while endothermic and exothermic relate only to heat or thermal energy. Endergonic Reactions Endergonic reactions may also be called an unfavorable reaction or nonspontaneous reaction. The reaction requires more energy than you get from it.Endergonic reactions absorb energy from their surroundings.The chemical bonds that are formed from the reaction are weaker than the chemical bonds that were broken.The free energy of the system increases.  The change in the standard Gibbs Free Energy (G) of an endergonic reaction is positive (greater than 0).The change in entropy (S) decreases.Endergonic reactions are not spontaneous.Examples of endergonic reactions include endothermic reactions, such as photosynthesis and the melting of ice into liquid water.If the temperature of the surroundings decreases, the reaction is endothermic. Exergonic Reactions An exergonic reaction may be called a spontaneous reaction or a favorable reaction.Exergonic reactions release energy to the surroundings.The chemical bonds formed from the reaction are stronger than those that were broken in the reactants.The free energy of the system decreases.  The change in the standard Gibbs Free Energy (G) of an exergonic reaction is negative (less than 0).The change in entropy (S) increases. Another way to look at it is that the disorder or randomness of the system increases.Exergonic reactions occur spontaneously (no outside energy is required to start them).Examples of exergonic reactions include exothermic reactions, such as mixing sodium and chlorine to make table salt, combustion, and chemiluminescence (light is the energy that is released).If the temperature of the surroundings increases, the reaction is exothermic. Notes About the Reactions You cannot tell how quickly a reaction will occur based on whether it is endergonic or exergonic. Catalysts may be needed to cause the reaction to proceed at an observable rate. For example, rust formation (oxidation of iron) is an exergonic and exothermic reaction, yet it proceeds so slowly its difficult to notice the release of heat to the environment.In biochemical systems, endergonic and exergonic reactions often are coupled, so the energy from one reaction can power another reaction.Endergonic reactions always require energy to start. Some exergonic reactions also have activation energy, but more energy is released by the reaction than what is required to initiate it. For example, it takes energy to start a fire, but once combustion starts, the reaction releases more light and heat than it took to get it started.Endergonic reactions and exergonic reactions are sometimes called reversible reactions. The quantity of the energy change is the same for both reactions, although the en ergy is absorbed by the endergonic reaction and released by the exergonic reaction. Whether the reverse reaction actually can occur is not a consideration when defining reversibility. For example, while burning wood is a reversible reaction theoretically, it doesnt actually occur in real life. Perform Simple Endergonic and Exergonic Reactions In an endergonic reaction, energy is absorbed from the surroundings. Endothermic reactions offer good examples, as they absorb heat. Mix together baking soda (sodium carbonate) and citric acid in water. The liquid will get cold, but not cold enough to cause frostbite. An exergonic reaction releases energy to the surroundings. Exothermic reactions are good examples of this type of reaction because they release heat. The next time you do laundry, put some laundry detergent in your hand and add a small amount of water. Do you feel the heat? This is a safe and simple example of an exothermic and thus exergonic reaction. A more spectacular exergonic reaction is produced by dropping a small piece of an alkali metal in water. For example, lithium metal in water burns and produces a pink flame. A glow stick is an excellent example of a reaction that is exergonic, yet not exothermic. The chemical reaction releases energy in the form of light, yet it doesnt produce heat.

About the Chilean Poet Pablo Neruda

Pablo Neruda (1904-1973) was known as a poet and emissary of the Chilean people. During a time of social upheaval, he traveled the world as a diplomat and an exile, served as a Senator for the Chilean Communist Party, and published more than 35,000 pages of poetry in his native Spanish. In 1971, Neruda won the Nobel Prize for Literature, for a poetry that with the action of an elemental force brings alive a continents destiny and dreams. Nerudas words and politics were forever intertwined, and his activism may have led to his death. Recent forensic tests have stirred speculation that Neruda was murdered.   Early Life in Poetry Pablo Neruda is the pen name of Ricardo Eliezer Neftali Reyes y Basoalto. He was born in Parral, Chile on July 12, 1904. While he was still an infant, Nerudas mother died of tuberculosis. He grew up in the remote town of Temuco with a stepmother, a half-brother, and a half-sister. From his earliest years, Neruda experimented with language. In his teens, he began publishing poems and articles in school magazines and local newspapers. His father disapproved, so the teenager decided to publish under a pseudonym. Why Pablo Neruda? Later, he speculated that hed been inspired by Czech writer Jan Neruda. In his Memoirs, Neruda praised the poet Gabriela Mistral for helping him discover his voice as a writer. A teacher and headmistress of a girls school near Temuco, Mistral took an interest in the talented youth. She introduced Neruda to Russian literature and stirred his interest in social causes. Both Neruda and his mentor eventually became Nobel Laureates, Mistral in 1945 and Neruda twenty-six years later. After high school, Neruda moved to the capital city of Santiago and enrolled in the University of Chile. He planned to become a French teacher, as his father wished. Instead, Neruda strolled the streets in a black cape and wrote passionate, melancholy poems inspired by French symbolist literature. His father stopped sending him money, so the teenaged Neruda sold his belongings to self-publish his first book, Crepusculario (Twilight). At age 20, he completed and found a publisher for the book that would make him famous, Veinte poemas de amor y una cancion desesperada (Twenty Love Poems and a Song of Despair).  Rhapsodic and sorrowful, the books poems mingled adolescent thoughts of love and sex with descriptions of the Chilean wilderness. There was thirst and hunger, and you were the fruit. / There were grief and ruin, and you were the miracle, Neruda wrote in the concluding poem, A Song of Despair. Diplomat and Poet Like most Latin American countries, Chile customarily honored their poets with diplomatic posts. At age 23, Pablo Neruda became an honorary consul in Burma, now Myanmar, in Southeast Asia. Over the next decade, his assignments took him to many places, including Buenos Aires, Sri Lanka, Java, Singapore, Barcelona, and Madrid. While in South Asia, he experimented with surrealism and began writing Residencia en la tierra   (Residence on Earth). Published in 1933, this was the first of a three-volume work that described the social upheaval and human suffering Neruda witnessed during his years of diplomatic travel and social activism. Residencia was, he said in his Memoirs, a dark and gloomy but essential book within my work. The third volume in Residencia, the 1937 Espaà ±a en el corazà ³n (Spain in our Hearts), was Nerudas strident response to the atrocities of the Spanish Civil War, the rise of fascism, and the political execution of his friend, the Spanish poet Federico Garcà ­a Lorca in 1936. In the nights of Spain, Neruda wrote in the poem Tradition, through the old gardens, / tradition, covered with dead snot, / spouting pus and pestilence, strolled / with its tail in the fog, ghostly and fantastic. The political leanings expressed in Espaà ±a en el corazà ³n cost Neruda his consular post in Madrid, Spain. He moved to Paris, founded a literary magazine, and helped the refugees who glutted the road out of Spain. After a stint as Consul-General in Mexico City, the poet returned to Chile. He joined the Communist Party, and, in 1945, was elected to the Chilean Senate. Nerudas rousing ballad Canto a Stalingrado (Song to Stalingrad) voiced a cry of love to Stalingrad. His pro-Communist poems and rhetoric stirred outrage with the Chilean President, who had renounced Communism for a more political alignment with the United States. Neruda continued to defend Joseph Stalins Soviet Union and the working class of his own homeland, but it was Nerudas scathing 1948 Yo acuso (I Accuse) speech that finally provoked the Chilean government to take action against him. Facing arrest, Neruda spent a year in hiding, and then in 1949 fled on horseback over the Andes Mountains into Buenos Aires, Argentina. Dramatic Exile The poets dramatic escape became the subject of the film Neruda (2016) by Chilean director Pablo Larraà ­n. Part history, part fantasy, the film follows a fictional Neruda as he dodges a fascist investigator and smuggles revolutionary poems to peasants who memorize passages. One part of this romantic re-imagining is true. While in hiding, Pablo Neruda completed his most ambitious project, Canto General (General Song). Composed of more than 15,000 lines, Canto General is both a sweeping history of the Western hemisphere and an ode to the common man. What were humans? Neruda asks. In what part of their unguarded conversations / in department stores and among sirens, in which of their metallic movements / did what in life is indestructible and imperishable live? Return to Chile Pablo Nerudas return to Chile in 1953 marked a transition away from political poetry—for a short time. Writing in green ink (reportedly his favorite color), Neruda composed soulful poems about love, nature, and daily life. I could live or not live; it does not matter / to be one stone more, the dark stone, / the pure stone which the river bears away, Neruda wrote in Oh Earth, Wait for Me. Nevertheless, the passionate poet remained consumed by Communism and social causes. He gave public readings and never spoke out against Stalins war crimes. Nerudas 1969 book-length poem Fin de Mundo (World’s End) includes a defiant statement against the US role in Vietnam: Why were they compelled to kill / innocents so far from home, / while the crimes pour cream / into the pockets of Chicago? / Why go so far to kill / Why go so far to die? In 1970, the Chilean Communist party nominated the poet/diplomat for president, but he withdrew from the campaign after reaching an agreement with the Marxist candidate Salvador Allende, who ultimately won the close election. Neruda, at the height of his literary career, was serving as Chiles ambassador in Paris, France, when he received the 1971 Nobel Prize for Literature. Personal Life Pablo Neruda lived a life of whats been called passionate engagement by the Los Angeles Times. For Neruda, poetry meant much more than the expression of emotion and personality, they write. It was a sacred way of being and came with duties. His was also a life of surprising contradictions. Although his poetry was musical, Neruda claimed that his ear could never recognize any but the most obvious melodies, and even then, only with difficulty.  He chronicled atrocities, yet he had a sense of fun. Neruda collected hats and liked to dress up for parties. He enjoyed cooking and wine. Enamored by the ocean, he filled his three homes in Chile with seashells, seascapes, and nautical artifacts. While many poets seek solitude to write, Neruda seemed to thrive on social interaction. His Memoirs describe friendships with famous figures like Pablo Picasso, Garcia Lorca, Gandhi, Mao Tse-tung, and Fidel Castro. Nerudas infamous love affairs were tangled and often overlapping. In 1930 the Spanish-speaking Neruda married Marà ­a Antonieta Hagenaar, an Indonesia-born Dutch woman who spoke no Spanish. Their only child, a daughter, died at age 9 from hydrocephalus. Soon after marrying Hagenaar, Neruda began an affair with Delia del Carril, a painter from Argentina, whom he eventually married. While in exile, he began a secret relationship with Matilde Urrutia, a Chilean singer with curly red hair. Urrutia became Nerudas third wife and inspired some of his most celebrated love poetry. In dedicating the 1959 Cien Sonetos de Amor (One Hundred Love Sonnets) to Urrutia, Neruda wrote, I made these sonnets out of wood; I gave them the sound of that opaque pure substance, and that is how they should reach your ears†¦Now that I have declared the foundations of my love, I surrender this century to you: wooden sonnets that rise only because you gave them life. The poems are some of his most popular—I crave your mouth, your voice, your hair, he writes in Sonnet XI; I love you as one loves certain obscure things, he writes in Sonnet XVII, secretly, between the shadow and the soul. Nerudas Death While the United States marks 9/11 as the anniversary of the 2001 terrorist attacks, this date has another significance in Chile. On September 11, 1973, soldiers surrounded Chiles presidential palace. Rather than surrender, President Salvador Allende shot himself. The anti-Communist coup dà ©tat, supported by the United States CIA, launched the brutal dictatorship of General Augusto Pinochet. Pablo Neruda planned to flee to Mexico, speak out against the Pinochet regime, and publish a large body of new work. The only weapons you will find in this place are words, he told soldiers who ransacked his home and dug up his garden in Isla Negra, Chile. However, on September 23, 1973, Neruda died in a Santiago medical clinic. In her memoirs, Matilde Urrutia said his final words were, They are shooting them! They are shooting them! The poet was 69. The official diagnosis was prostate cancer, but many Chileans believed that Neruda was murdered. In October 2017, forensic tests confirmed that Neruda did not die of cancer. Further tests are underway to identify toxins found in his body. Why Is Pablo Neruda Important? I have never thought of my life as divided between poetry and politics, Pablo Neruda said when he accepted his presidential candidacy from the Chilean Communist Party. He was a prolific writer whose works ranged from sensual love poems to historical epics. Hailed as a poet for the common man, Neruda believed that poetry should capture the human condition. In his essay  Toward an Impure Poetry, he equates the imperfect human condition with poetry, impure as the clothing we wear, or our bodies, soup-stained, soiled with our shameful behaviour, our wrinkles and vigils and dreams, observations and prophecies, declarations of loathing and love, idylls and beasts, the shocks of encounter, political loyalties, denials and doubts, affirmations and taxes. What kind of poetry should we seek? Verse that is steeped in sweat and in smoke, smelling of the lilies and urine. Neruda won many awards, including an International Peace Prize (1950), a Stalin Peace Prize (1953), a Lenin Peace Prize (1953), and a Nobel Prize for Literature (1971). However, some critics have attacked Neruda for his Stalinist rhetoric and his unrestrained, often militant, writings. He was called a bourgeois imperialist and a great bad poet. In their announcement, the Nobel committee said theyd given the award to a contentious author who is not only debated but for many is also debatable. In his book The Western Canon, literary critic Harold Bloom named Neruda one of the most significant writers in Western culture, placing him alongside literary giants like Shakespeare, Tolstoy, and Virginia Woolf. All paths lead to the same goal, Neruda declared in his Nobel Lecture: to convey to others what we are. And we must pass through solitude and difficulty, isolation and silence in order to reach forth to the enchanted place where we can dance our clumsy dance and sing our sorrowful song.... Recommended Reading Neruda wrote in Spanish, and English translations of his work are hotly debated. Some translations aspire for literal meaning while others strive to capture nuances. Thirty-six translators, including Martin Espada, Jane Hirshfield, W. S. Merwin, and Mark Strand, contributed to The Poetry of Pablo Neruda compiled by literary critic Ilan Stavans. The volume has 600 poems representing the scope of Nerudas career, along with notes on the poets life and critical commentary. Several poems are presented in both Spanish and English. The Poetry of Pablo Neruda edited by Ilan Stavans, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2005Listen to Neruda read Las Alturas de Machu Picchu from Canto GeneralHow the Library of Congress Helped Get Pablo Nerudas Poetry Translated into English by Peter Armenti, LOC July 31, 2015Canto General, 50th Anniversary Edition, by Pablo Neruda (trans. Jack Schmitt), University of California Press, 2000Worlds End (English and Spanish Edition) by Pablo Neruda (trans. William ODaly), Copper Canyon Press; 2009Pablo Neruda: A Passion for Life by Adam Feinstein, 2004Memoirs by Pablo Neruda (trans. Hardie St. Martin), 2001The poets own reflections on his life, from student years to the coup dà ©tat dà ©tat that toppled Chiles government just days before Nerudas death.The Western Canon: The Books and School of the Ages by Harold BloomMy Life with Pablo Neruda (Mi vida junto a Pablo Neruda) by Matilde Urrutia (trans. Alexandria Giardino), 2004Pablo Nerudas widow reveals details about the poet in her memoir. Al though not lyrically written, the book became a best-seller in Chile.For ages 6 to 9, Pablo Neruda: Poet of the People by Monica Brown (illus. Julie Paschkis), Holt, 2011 Sources: Memoirs by Pablo Neruda (trans. Hardie St. Martin), Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2001; The Nobel Prize in Literature 1971 at Nobelprize.org; Biography of Pablo Neruda, The Chile Cultural Society; Worlds End by Pablo Neruda by Richard Rayner, Los Angeles Times, March 29, 2009; How did Chilean poet Pablo Neruda die? Experts open new probe, Associated Press, Miami Herald, February 24, 2016; Pablo Neruda Nobel Lecture Towards the Splendid City at Nobelprize.org [accessed March 5, 2017]

Presentation Of Partisanship Constituency Connections...

Over the past three decades, parties and partisan organizations have evolved to become key features of today’s House of Representatives; the two are now essential to congressional policy and the member’s careers. In the article â€Å"Presentation of Partisanship: Constituency Connections and Partisan Congressional Activity,† published in the Social Science Quarterly (2009), Scott R. Meinke investigates how House members explain and frame their participation in partisan activity to constituency representation. In simpler terms, Meinke examines the role of partisanship in strategic home-style choices. The author uses data from the 107th, 109th, and 110th Congresses, with a focus on the member’s public websites and how they present leadership activity to conclude that Congressional parties have an impact beyond electoral outcomes and the policy process. Meinke discovers that there exists a significant difference in the extent to which members of the House pub licize their activity. Political parties provide the House of Representatives with organizational structure and discipline. Therefore, they appear to be essential for understanding the relationship between members and constituents. Meinke acknowledges prior literature concerning the influence of parties on representation and in policy-making choices as well as the evolution of extended leadership. However, Meinke suggests that in the representational relationship, parties have a wider scope of influence than previously believed.

Searching for Ancient Egypt Essay Example For Students

Searching for Ancient Egypt Essay Teresa JohnsonAR 320Joslyn PaperAn enormous cloaked figure greets incoming visitors. It sits, as it has for thousands of years a silent sentinel to the wonders of ancient Egypt. This block statue is only the first item of many at Joslyns art exhibition. The overall effect of seeing so much history in a relatively small space is awe-inspiring. I cannot help but wonder if the display would have had such a profound effect on me if I wasnt in the class. Probably so. I felt I could have stayed there forever if not for my one oclock class. Seeing photographs in a textbook gives me an idea of what life was like for the ancient Egyptians, but being surrounded by things from their lives creates a whole new feeling. The giant wall paintings depicting everyday life are incredible. The actual artifacts on display are amazing, to think that they have survived as well as they have for so long. The beaded shroud was so finely made, it was surprising it would have lasted a day back then, let alone be in tact today. The mummy case was interesting. I know people were smaller back then, but to see the case put size into a new perspective. How did the get the body through the slit up the back? Canopic jars were usually topped by the gods that protected the parts inside, but there was one top on display that was the head of a youth made from calcite. There were other canopic jars, with the gods heads as lids. Hearing how they attended the bodies and what had to be done was fascinating, even as it was disgusting. The limestone coffin for the high official had writing on it to rejoin spirit and body. The broad collar was beautiful, with the flowers made from different stones and falcon head ends. The Nubian Ba statue holding the pine cone shaped symbol and the staff to represent the body for the spirit is different from the Egyptian ka statue that would have been holding an ankh. The statue of the great commander of the arm looked female, even though the writing said it was male. Could it have been a female dressing as a male in order to gain power? The figure was entirely to feminine to be a guy. The spells from the Book of the Dead contain the answers for the soul to go to the afterlife. It has the names of all deities and the questions they would ask the soul, as well as the answers. Shabtis were little figures of people put in the tomb or buried with them to do work for the people in the afterlife. The memorial tablet for the purification priest was a stele meant to be read from all four sides, instead of two like the Palette of Narmer, which means it was probably put in the center of some room.Overall, the effect of the show was incredible. It was almost as good as going to Egypt to see things up close and personal, as they were found and, in my opinion, meant to be seen. The Egyptians lives had to be balanced, in every aspect of their lives. The feather hieroglyphic, a simple symbol, represented the order of maat. I thoroughly enjoyed the show, the next day I saw the IMAX movie of Egypts mysteries, which gives you the feeling of being in Egypt. I hope to see the Joslyn exhibition again before it leaves, to become immersed in so much history.

Human Resource Planning, Classification, and Selection Essay Example

Human Resource Planning, Classification, and Selection Essay Human Resource Planning, Classification, and Selection Name: Course: Institution: We will write a custom essay sample on Human Resource Planning, Classification, and Selection specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Human Resource Planning, Classification, and Selection specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Human Resource Planning, Classification, and Selection specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Instructor: Date: Human Resource Planning, Classification, and Selection Introduction Employees are the most valuable resources in an organization since they are the determinant in the success of an organization. Therefore, it is important that employers attract and hire the most qualified staff for the particular jobs available in the organization. Hence, this calls for having a good human resource planning, classification and selection. Therefore, human resource planning is of utmost importance in order for an organization to accomplish its goals and objectives. These can be done through human resource planning that ensures to assess the tasks that need to be done, and selecting the right people to do the work. Once the human resource personnel have this in mind, an action plan for guiding them in accomplishing these requirements is needed. Literature Review Since competition among private and public sectors has intensified for the last two to three decades, there has been an increased need for new strategies on tackling the human resource planning issues. This has seen a strategic shift in the field of human resource planning that reflects the continuing changes taking place in the labor market conditions. These changes in the labor force provide for another context of human resource strategy and planning for long-term future. â€Å"Longer-term changes in the employment relationship, from relational to transactional employment †¦ provide another important context for HR strategy and a way to view the future† (Gubman, 2004). This calls for more participation of the human resource department on the issues of the organization to guarantee success. Under this heading on planning, classifying and selecting, three topics addressed are human resource planning, classification of positions, and selection of staff. Human resource planning is one of the most important processes in any organization that seeks to develop a strategy of identifying the organizational needs concerning the workforce and develops a plan of achieving those needs (Cayer, 2004). Human resource planning is very crucial in determining the kind of staff that the organization will need as well as the means to get them. In addition, human resource planning will ensure accountability in the whole process of hiring and developing staff that is responsible and qualified for accomplishing the set goals of the organization. With planning, organizations are able to realize their needs, such as the training needs, job needs as well as development needs. While the problem is known, finding a solution is quite easy, and all organizations can do it quite easily. The public and private sector has been competing to get the best staff for a long time. For instance, in the 1990s, this competition was stiff due to low unemployment rate where qualified people were not in plenty like today. During this time, the public sector was viewed from a negative perspective and a poor public image due to lack of integrity by those in power. Therefore, in order to compete, there was need for a strategy that would ensure the selection was done right to attract only the qualified personnel. This led to the establishment of a system that would ensure to attract quality staff that would meet the goals and objectives of the organization. Faced by a need to compete with the private sector in attracting the best staff, the public sector human resource department was under pressure to utilize continuous human resource planning that would ensure hiring of only the qualified staff. In addition to the labor available in the market, and relevant knowledge in the field needed, it was necessary to have training and development of the employees in order to impart them with more knowledge that would make them even more fit for their jobs. Therefore, effective human resource planning should contribute to attracting, developing and retaining of talented employees. It should also measure, reward performance, engage and align skills with jobs (Gubman, 2004). Finally, human resource planning should continue control functions within human resource such as ensuring cost effectiveness. These are some of the main functions that human resource department seeks to achieve all the time in order to have seamless flow and relationships withi n the workplace. This are the main functions that human resource planning should address at all times, and none of them should be left out. Addressing these challenges ensures that during selection the organization will hire the best and most qualified personnel to fill the positions available. In addition, the staff an also ran Classification of positions is yet another topic revolving around human resource especially in the public sector, which is a traditional approach in human resource. Classification of positions aims at classifying jobs into different categories or agencies with the same tasks and responsibilities into certain categories. For instance, jobs with the same roles and responsibilities will be classified into a certain group of jobs in order to identify them (Cayer, 2004). With position classification, there come some problems despite the size of the public sector. One of the problems is the need to maintain consistency from one agency to another since agencies are responsible for classifying the jobs according to schedules put in place. Another problem is the lack of attracting people with the right combination of skills needed since the positions are classified so narrowly. With too narrow classification of jobs, qualified staff could be hired, but lack the right combination of skills needed for the job (Stillman, 2009). Finally, the last problem is existing classification systems become outdated when they are not reviewed regularly. This is because there are rapid changes in the labor markets as well as emerging technology and policies that require newer talent all the time (Cayer, 2004). Hence, monitoring of the classification systems should be done regularly. On the other hand, classification of positions has its advantages to the organization as long as they are well planned. When jobs are classified, this allows the management to in making of better decisions concerning the relationship between duties and the responsibilities of jobs and the administration. More so, when the jobs are classified, it is easier to have a better approach to organization of the activities in a hierarchical order that contributes to better coordination. The rationale for the classification is to have a basis for comparing the jobs. In addition, job classification allows management to manage the people and their positions (Cayer, 2004). For position classification to be effective to enable the personnel administration in managing the people, there has to be a job analysis in order to classify each job in its rightful position. A job analysis focuses on getting information concerning a job and the specific tasks involved in doing the job, skills and knowledge needed, qualifications and abilities needed in performing the particular tasks. This, the content, context and requirements of the job are analyzed, which will provide information concerning the jobs with similar characteristics that can be grouped or classified together. In addition, this can be used in ensuring to match each staff with a job that fits their abilities and skills. Information from a job analysis is also used in selecting of employees, identifying training and development needs, defining performance and establishing performance measures among other uses. Therefore, job analysis has to be conducted in position classification as well as selection o f staff. After the organization or agency used has done the above-mentioned function in planning, the final stage is identifying the right staff for the job, selection. Selection is very crucial part of human resource management since it determines who is hired and who is left out. The right people must be hired in order to achieve the goals and objectives of the organization. Therefore, human resource in the public sector should ensure total fairness and transparency during selection to avoid corruption that could lead to hiring of unqualified people. This will be most important if the public sector is to compete with the private sector, which has outpaced the public center. Several issues have occurred in the public sector concerning lack of accountability in their selection of staff (Rainey, 2009). Employers in the public sector have been sued regularly for crimes committed by their employees (Walter, 1992). This fact has been based on their carelessness during selection where they do not access the applicants thoroughly before asserting they are qualified for the jobs. Most of these claims have insisted that the employers took no time in practicing proper care in the recruitment process, and other activities such as training and development of the employees as well as lack of proper supervision. Most of those who commit the crimes in organizations usually have a history of criminal behavior or violence. It is the responsibility of personnel management to ensure proper securitization of staff selected before such things occur in order to protect everybody in the workplace. Such negligence has become rampant in the public sector. This negligence occurs when an employer employs a person without proper investigation concerning their behavior in the past. This leads to employing of people that might put the safety of others in the workplace in danger. Therefore, if the employer has failed in investigating the applicant before selecting them for employment, they are liable for anything that might happen such as the person causing harm to others (Walter, 1992). In order to eliminate such incidents, the employer should consult the referees of the applicant, as well as the previous employer about the behavior of the applicant and background information to ensure fitness and integrity. Sometimes this can be attributed to the lack of regular recruiting considering with government institutions employment is permanent and the likelihood of loosing a job is hard. Hence, there is hardly any employee leaving the job. Hence, number of times recruitment happens is minimal, a well as bureaucracy that requires following certain rules that might not be quite usable currently. In addition, considering that such institutions tend to recruit many people at the time, there could be hardly any time for going through all such procedures for all the applicants. This makes it hard to find out if a person has behaviors that could suggest anything that might not be good. However, even with reference to other people and referees provided, one could not be sure they are all telling the truth. With such lawsuits, it is up to the personnel management to ensure there is continuous planning of human resource needs of the organization in order to identify any needs for the organization. With continuous planning in human resource, there is a guarantee that such people can be identified as early as possible before they engage in any crime. This could be crucial in preventing criminal behaviors through prevention by taking the right measures such as training them and warning them. Human resource planning should be exercised in all organizations since they deal with the most important resource of the organization, the employees, who also happen to be quite sensitive as well as unpredictable. Unlike other resources of the organization, the employees are the most vsluable, since hthey make their own juddgments and decisions Conclusion An organization’s success is directly related to the wellness of its labor capital. The labor capital provides the expertise that turns materials into products, and procedures into services as well as conducting all the operations in the workplace. Without a labor force, there cannot be any organization. It is to this reason that human resource planning is so crucial in any organization. The policies and practices of human resource play a big role in shaping the attitudes behavior and motivation of the employees. In addition, planning ensures that to identify the needs of the employees and ways of meeting them. On the other hand, position classification will ensure to indicate the tasks of each staff in their jobs to ensure performance can be evaluated. Finally, selection is very crucial in ensuring the right staff for the organization is hired. Without such planning, the organization can be in no position to get the best people for achieving the goals and objectives. For the pubic sector, it should embrace the changes taking place in order to compete with the private sector in attracting the best staff (Noe, 2006).. This can only be done through continuous human resource planning. References Cayer, N. J. (2004). Public Personnel Administration (4th Ed.) Belmont, CA: Wadsworth. Gubman, Ed. (2004). HR strategy and planning: From birth to business results. HR Human Resource Planning. Retrieved from http://proquest.umi.com Noe, R. A. (2006). Human Resource Management: Gaining a Competitive Advantage with OLC Card. Boston, Mass: McGraw-Hill. Walter, Robert J. (1992). Public employers’ potential liability from negligence in employment decisions. Public Administration Review. Retrieved from: http://proquest.umi.com Rainey, H.G. (2009). Understanding and Managing Public Organizations. New York, NY: John Wiley Sons. Stillman, R.J. (2009). Public Administration: Concepts and Cases. New York, NY: Cengage Learning.

Theodosius Dobzhansky Evolution Biography

Theodosius Dobzhansky Evolution Biography Early Life and Education Born January 24, 1900 - Died December 18, 1975 Theodosius Grygorovych Dobzhansky was born on January 24, 1900 in Nemyriv, Russia to Sophia Voinarsky and math teacher Grigory Dobzhansky. The Dobzhansky family moved to Kiev, Ukraine when Theodosius was ten years old. As an only child, Theodosius spent much of his high school years collecting butterflies and beetles and studying Biology. Theodosius Dobzhansky enrolled in the University of Kiev in 1917 and finished his studies there in 1921. He stayed and taught there until 1924 when he moved to Leningrad, Russia to study fruit flies and genetic mutations. Personal Life In August of 1924, Theodosius Dobzhansky married Natasha Sivertzeva. Theodosius met the fellow geneticist while working in Kiev where she was studying evolutionary morphology. Natashas studies led Theodosius to take more interest in the Theory of Evolution and incorporate some of those findings in his own genetics studies. The couple had only one child, a daughter named Sophie. In 1937, Theodosius became a citizen of the United States after working there for several years. Biography In 1927, Theodosius Dobzhansky accepted a fellowship from the International Educational Board of the Rockefeller Center to work and study in the United States. Dobzhansky moved to New York City to begin work at Columbia University. His work with fruit flies in Russia was expanded at Columbia where he studied in the fly room established by geneticist Thomas Hunt Morgan. When Morgans lab moved to California at the California Institute of Technology in 1930, Dobzhansky followed. It was there that Theodosius did his most famous work studying fruit flies in population cages and relating the changes that were seen in the flies to the Theory of Evolution and Charles Darwins ideas of Natural Selection. In 1937, Dobzhansky wrote his most famous book Genetics and the Origin of Species. It was the first time someone had published a book correlating the field of genetics with Charles Darwins book. Dobzhansky redefined the term evolution in genetics terms to mean a change in the frequency of an allele within a gene pool. It followed that Natural Selection was driven by mutations in a species DNA over time. This book was the catalyst for the Modern Synthesis of the Theory of Evolution. While Darwin had proposed a supposed mechanism for how Natural Selection worked and evolution happened, he was unaware of genetics since Gregor Mendel had not yet done his work with pea plants at that time. Darwin knew that traits were passed down from parents to offspring generation after generation, but he did not know the actual mechanism of how that happened. When Theodosius Dobzhansky wrote his book in 1937, much more was known about the field of Genetics, including the existence of genes and how they mutated. In 1970, Theodosius Dobzhansky published his final book Genetics and the Evolutionary Process that spanned 33 years of his work on the Modern Synthesis of the Theory of Evolution. His most enduring contribution to the Theory of Evolution was perhaps the idea that changes in species over time was not gradual and many different variations could be seen in populations at any given time. He had witnessed this countless times when studying fruit flies throughout this career. Theodosius Dobzhansky was diagnosed in 1968 with leukemia and his wife Natasha died shortly after in 1969. As his illness progressed, Theodosius retired from active teaching in 1971, but took an Emeritus Professor position at the University of California, Davis. His often quoted essay Nothing in Biology Makes Sense Except in the Light of Evolution was written after his retirement. Theodosius Dobzhansky died on December 18, 1975.

International marketing plan strategy to pentrate new market Research Paper

International marketing plan strategy to pentrate new market - Research Paper Example The present study would cover the aspect of international marketing strategies of Emirates airline in the Indian market. The choice of market assumes significance considering the fact that it is among the fastest growing economies of the globe. The analysis would be done in two parts. The first part would constitute an analysis of the external market environment along with the information about the product and the services being offered by the company. The second section would deal with the market audit and an analysis of the marketing strategies to be employed by the firm in the Indian market. Finally, a set of plausible conclusions and recommendations would be framed on the basis of the analysis conducted in the two sections which would help the firm to establish itself in the lucrative Indian market. Table of Contents Executive Summary 2 Table of Contents 3 Part A 5 Introduction 5 About the Company 6 Product or Service Analysis 8 Environmental Analysis 8 PESTEL Analysis 8 Summary of Part A 11 Market Audit 11 Analysis of Micro Environment 12 Market Analysis 12 External Analysis 15 Customer Analysis 15 Competitors 15 SWOT Analysis 15 Strengths 15 Weakness 16 Opportunities 16 Threats 16 Preliminary Marketing Strategy 16 Product 16 Price 17 Place 17 Promotions 17 People 18 Process 18 Physical Evidence 18 Conclusion 19 Recommendations 20 References 22 Annexure 25 Part A Introduction The dynamics of international trade and business is changing with time. Globalization is the primary reason behind such changes and this has also brought multiple improvements in the field of international trade and business. The business organizations have become more conscious as competitiveness in the global market has been increasing significantly. Besides, the regulatory bodies of different economies are supporting the free trade policies that also led to intensified degree of competition level. In this respect, Hope and Maeleng have identified the free trade policies as â€Å"c ompetition-enhancing device† as these policies enables companies to enter into new markets with greater opportunities (Hope and Maeleng, 1998, p.52). However, when companies decide to expand their business internationally, they have to take many factors into account for success in the foreign market. There are significant differences between the natures and features of domestic market and international market due to cultural diversity, different macro-environmental factors etc. This paper will attempt to deal with international market planning strategy for Emirates Airlines. The primary aim of this paper is to offer a set of actionable and plausible strategies to Emirates Airlines for Indian airline industry. In order to meet this aim, this paper will present an extensive discussions, analyses and findings based on which a set of relevant and effective recommendations will be formulated. This paper will be presented in two parts. The first part will present a brief analysis of company, its product or service and macro environmental analysis of Indian economy with respect of airline industry. Second part will include strategy formulation for marker entry based on the outcomes of analysis. About the Company Emirates Airlines is the largest air travel service company of the Middle East. Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum and Mr. Flanagan took the initiatives for starting an airline travel services and they founded a company called Emirates

Labor productivity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Labor productivity - Essay Example Having a team spirit among the laborers also cannot be overlooked. The desire to play and win as a team and not as an individual is an important aspect of labor productivity. When workers have the urge to play and conquer as a team, they feel more obligated to fulfill their end of the task so as not to let the other team players down. Teamwork will lead to the realization of the maximum potential in each of the laborers (West, 2012). With regard to teamwork, individuals can work at improving their inter-personal skills, which will enable them to associate in a healthy manner with their fellow employees. Having a well structured and properly functioning organizational structure also considerably contributes to the maximization of labor productivity (Steffan, 2008). A well organized structure in an organization will ensure that there are policies that have been set in place to look into the concerns and matters raised by laborers. In settings where such structures do not exist, it might be of an individual’s concern to propose to the management to come up with a structure that seeks to address their needs. Family matters are also a factor to consider, acknowledging that it influences labor productivity to a noticeable extent. Workers in any given organization who experience a supportive family life are capable of producing more at work due to presence of motivation. On the other hand, individuals who experience a stressful family life will not be able to fully exploit their potential at work, thus reducing the overall labor productivity. Hence, at the individual level, one can work at building healthy family life in order to be able to be fully productive. Lastly, there is the factor of capital formation and it has a positive influence on labor productivity. For example, the transfer of individual’s savings into a business venture in the form of shares will lead to earning of the

Informative Speech Essay Example for Free

Informative Speech Essay Shay McNeal’s Secret Plot To Save The Tsar states that, On July 17, 1918, the Tsar, his wife, and their four daughters and ailing heir were led down to a basement in Ekaterinburg, Russia, and murdered in cold blood by a Bolshevik firing squad. The DNA analysis and identification of the bones were the conclusive proof the world was waiting for, and the case was considered closed. But is that the real story of the Romanovs? Good afternoon. I’m Abby Cuenca and I’ll share to you today the controversy in regards to the possible escape of Grand Duchess Anastasia Romanov to the Philippines from the 1918 execution. I will also discuss the evidences presented such as her similar picture with Czarina Alexandra Romanov, coincidental name, grandeur childhood and how she landed in the Pearl of the Orient Seas. Last May 2012, the Philippine Daily Inquirer published an article wherein a lady called Catherine is expressing the possibility that her grandmother could be The Anastasia of Russia. She wrote this article in search of her grandmama’s, her nickname for her grandmother, lineage because she was intrigued ever since she was a child about her past. One thing is definite; Catherine’s grandmama is Russian but the rest of her story about whom she really is still a mystery to be unfold. At the end of my speech, I will be handing out some pictures and the copy of the article around for you to look at. Catherine’s journey of self-discovery started when she traveled to St. Petersburg on May 2009 to trace her Russian roots and to hopefully reunite with her grandmother’s relatives when her mom mentioned the similarities between Czarina Alexandra Romanov and her grandmamma through the photographs Catherine emailed to her. For this reason, Catherine was able to piece together the information of what could be a story begging to be told. To begin with, Catherine’s grandmama’s name is Tasia, a diminutive for Anastasia, which happens to be similar to one of the Czar’s daughter, Grand Duchess Anastasia Romanov of Russia. Second, her last name was Kazzuhina, or so how they say and spell it because no one in the family can pronounce it right. But suspiciously, Kazzuhina is similar Knyazhna, which comes from Grand Duchess’ Russian name, Velikaya Knyazhna Anastasiya Nikolayevna Romanova that means Duchess. So if Catherine is saying the truth, then how did the Duchess end up in the Philippines? Grandmama Tasia said she was 18 when she arrived in the Philippines after escaping the Bolshevik Revolution when it escalated in 1918. She disembarked in a Philippine port and brought to a monastery or orphanage somewhere in Manila, where nuns looked after her for some time until she met Catherine’s grandfather, Lope Pelayo. Furthermore, grandmama shared in her stories that â€Å"she was the youngest of four daughters, and the fifth and youngest child of the family was the only boy, Alexei.† She also mentioned on how they lived in a house surrounded by massive walls covered with jewels and enjoy the freshest butter, breads and cheeses because they were made right in their own house and how she rode around in a golden carriage drawn by eight white horses whenever she and her family traveled and that whenever Catherine and her siblings protested on how it all seemed a bit extravagant, she merely smiled and said that it was how they did things back then. But what’s really intriguing is that, Tasia refuses to go out even to the supermarket or church and keeps on rejecting Catherine’s incessant pleas of writing to the Russian embassy about locating their Russian relatives. She always replies in a stern tone of warning: â€Å"If they discover I am here, we will all be killed.† What does this imply? The Romanov case will never be closed despite what some experts say. There will always be theories and stories that circulate and compel people about the truth behind what happened on the dawn of July 17, 1918. Catherine’s grandmama’s story showing compelling evidences such as her name, similar faces, grandeur childhood and arrival to the Philippines is only a part of it. Remember, there will always be two sides of the story. The question is, which side do you believe on?

Physics of the Ear Essay -- Term Papers Research

Physics of the Ear The ear is an extraordinary human organ that many people take for granted until it doesn’t function. It is the only device that allows the human to hear sounds in their environment. The ear is made up of many parts that distinguish various sounds through different means. The ear anatomy and physiology along with how sound waves are transmitted into meaningful sounds will help one understand how hearing loss occurs. The ear is made up of three areas: the outer, middle, and inner ear. The outer ear is very important for collecting sound waves. It is made up of the pinna and the ear canal. The pinna, the actual physical outward appearance of the ear, receives sound waves and begins to funnel them into the ear canal. The ear canal is also known as the auditory meatus which is basically a convoluted tube. The next part of the ear, the tympanic membrane, is the beginning of the middle ear. The ear drum is crucial in the ability to hear. The tympanic membrane leads to a chain of small bones known as the malleus (hammer), incus (anvil), and the stapes (stirrup). The stapes is ended with the footplate, a bone that looks like a stirrup. This area is known as the middle ear or the tympanic cavity. Located at the bottom of this area is the Eustachian tube which leads down to the throat. Its main purpose is to maintain the equalization of pressure between the tympanic cavity and the atmosphere as the air in the cavity is absorbed by the cells of its surface. The next area is the inner ear. This area contains many important structures to the hearing process. It begins with the oval window which is struck by the footplate of the Stapes. The cochlea is the area where most sound is transmitted from waves into impulses. W... ... environment. In order to do that we must know the anatomy of our ear and how it functions. An important function is how the sound wave is transmitted into meaningful information through means of frequency, amplitude, and location. By understanding how the ear functions people are able to understand and prevent hearing loss. WORKS CITED David, Edward E. Jr., John K. Pierce, and William A. Van Bergeijk. Waves, and the Ear. NY: Anchor Books. 1960. p- 34-50 Kirkpatrick, Larry D. and Gerald F. Wheeler. Physics: A World View, 4th ed. Orlando, FL. Harcourt College Publishers: 2001. p- 365-71 Littler, T.S. The Physics of the Ear, v3. NY: Macmillan Company. 1965. P- 1-9 Pickles, James O. An Intro to the Physiology of Hearing. NY: Academic Press. 1982. p- 264- 79 Sataloff, Joseph. Hearing Loss. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott Company. 1980 P- 67; 75; 175-77;

P1 M1 D1

| Type of |Example |Description |Purpose | |information | | | | |Verbal |Telephone, Face to face |Telephones are used to conduct live conversations with another |Telephones are used in Lambeth Academy for teachers to | | |meetings |individual. |contact each other and to call parents when necessary. | | |Face to face meetings are where two individuals have a |Face to face can be used to give students feedback for | | | |conversation where they can both see each other face to face. |their work. | |Written |Letters, Reports |A Letter is a written form of communication which is read by an |Lambeth Academy use letters in order to inform parents | | | |individual which is presented on paper. |of any information that is vital for them to see. | | |A report is a written form of communication that is which is |Reports are used by Lambeth Academy to inform parents | | | |made with the intention of based on recent events. |about their child’s current progress in school. | |On-screen |TV Commercials, Plasma screens |A TV Commercial is a way of portraying a message to potential |Lambeth Academy don’t use TV commercials as they aren’t| | |for digital display |customers in order to gain awareness. a large organisation that needs to attain awareness | | | |In a firm, plasma screens can be very useful as they can portray|from the public. This form of communication isn’t | | | |messages for employees as they walk passed. This enables to keep|necessary as Lambeth Academy doesn’t need to compete | | | |up to date on current notices. |with a rival. | | | |Plasma screens are useful to Lambeth academy as they | | | | |use them in order to deliver important messages and | | | | |achievements for students. This can motive them to work| | | | |harder. |Multimedia |Web Conferencing, Internet |Web conferencing is used to conduct live meetings through the |Web conferencing isn’t a means of communicating | | | |internet. This is a very useful way of communicating with |information in Lambeth Academy as we don’t have the | | | |someone if they’re not in the same region as you. Web |technology in order to do so. | | |conferencing involves using sound vision through a webcam and |The internet can be very useful in a class room. For | | | |microphones. |example in Lambeth Academy, teachers may use the | | | |The Internet is a worldwide system of computer networks that can|internet to present information to students in the form| | | |be used to attain information. |of text from a website or a video off YouTube. | | | | | |Web-based |Email, Instant messaging |Emails are electronic mail. They’re sent through the internet to|Lambeth Academy use emails to contact other colleagues. | | | |reach other respondents. Emails can be sent to a large amount of|This is done in order to keep teachers up to date on | | | |people at one time.This makes it easier on the sender if the |current issues that are formulating around the school. | | | |individual needs to send the same information to a number of |Lambeth Academy doesn’t have any need to use instant | | | |people. |messaging as it may distract employees and students | | | |Instant messaging is a web based form of communication that is |from doing their work. | | |used to share information instantly through the web. People are | | | | |able to communicate via the through the internet if two | | | | |recipients have the same software as each other such as MSN or | | | | |Facebook. | P1 M1 Verbal Communication: In terms of giving students feedback from within a classroom, face to face communication is the most efficient way of doing so. There are a number of reasons for this. If a student and teacher were to have a face to face discussion, the student would be able to grasp more information compared to if the teacher was to write down all of the information instead. Face to face enables the student to ask questions if he or she is confused about anything work related.Whereas if the information was written down it may lead to confusion of the student which will then lead to incorrect answers. From the reasons that I’ve stated, face to face communication is a more reliable and relevant way of communicating Other than in the classroom, face to face communication is used throughout various scenarios. In parent evenings verbal communication enables the teacher and students to have an in depth discussion about the students’ progress so far in school. Any queries or concerns can be brought up by using verbal ommunication. Whereas if the conversion was delivered through a telephone, the parent wouldn’t be able to understand and see the teachers hand gestures or facial expressions. These factors contribute to the overall outcome of the conversation. Written Communication: When sending confidential data to students, a letter is the most effective way. Due to the contents of certain documents, only specific people are necessary to view them. If the documents are sent by mail it can reach specific people without anyone else seeing them.Whilst on the other hand if the school were to fax the information to the student’s home, it enables anyone that picks up the paper from the fax machine to be able to see it. Another addition to written communication is the fact that hand held documents enables the user to constantly look over it as much time as needed as it’s recorded and can be referenced at any time. This is one of the key features of written communication. If the information was verbally communicated to the individual, it could lead to some information to being misheard or forgotten and could have been vital to the discussion.On screen communication: On screen communication has many advantages. Through using plasma screens throughout Lambeth Academy, it enables large audiences to view the information at once. Plasma screens are placed on the ground, 1st and 2nd floor of the school. Due to the variety of students and teachers that continuously walk passed them, it reaches a large number of people. When we compare plasma screens to emails, in this situation plasma screens may be a more liable source of communication. The reason for this is because the information displayed on the plasma screens are more general and implies to most of the people in the school.If the information was sent through email, people may discard it as junk causing them to ignore it overall. Multimedia communication: This type of communication is used to convey information through using sound and video. In a classroom multimedia communication is a good way of engaging the class. By using YouTube in an educational manner, it’s possible to gain the attention of all students. Whilst written communication is a good way of conveying information, students may get bored causing them to get side tracked which will lead to a loss in attention. This will cause the aims and objecti ves to be lost.Web Based communication: This type of communication is used in order to communicate messages over the web. This can be done in the form of emails. Lambeth Academy use emails in order to communicate with other teachers and colleagues around the school. Through using emails an individual can send a mass amount of information to a wide range of people in an instant. D1 In this assignment I’ll be talking about Coke and the strategic decisions that they’ve made in order to retain and attract new customers. In 1982 Coke decided to break into a new market by introducing a lighter version of the original Coke.The name of this product was Diet Coke and would be aimed at people that were health conscious, but at the same time, still enjoyed the taste of Coca Cola. This was done to explore and fill a gap in the market which increased both market share and revenue. During the years that Diet Coke was in production, the company realised that Diet Coke was only attrac ting female customers. This was a huge error in Diet Coke, so the company made the decision of creating a new product that attained the needs of male health conscious customers.Coke Zero was produced in order to fill this gap. Therefore with all the above information in mind, this issue encouraged Coke to come up with some strategic planning, hence them entering a new market with a product that is aimed specifically at men that were interested in sport or who lead healthy lifestyles. Coke managed to attain data by acquiring comprehensive market research. Before Coke Zero was put on the production line, data needed to be gathered. During their market research, Coke decided to ask males whether they buy Diet Coke, the answer to this question was no.There are various reasons why this could have occurred. First of all, the name. The name ‘Diet Coke’ doesn’t appeal to men as it gives off a feminine impression. Also the way that the product is packaged and advertised. Diet Coke uses various techniques to target women. One way in which they do this is through using young male models (usually half naked) cleaning windows or doing some kind of masculine activity, such as maintenance. This attracts the attention of female customers and draws them in to buy the product.In order to make this product a success, Coke had to maintain data on whether or not they was any demand for Coke Zero on the market as there was already a similar product which was produced by their main competitor, Pepsi (Max). Thorough research was done on Pepsi Max in terms of their sales and their male attraction. This was done due to the two products aiming a similar product towards the same audience. After all the research had been done towards the needs of Coke Zero, a meeting would be needed between the people at the top of the hierarchy of Coke.Looking at all the data that had been gathered by Coke’s research team, it was decided that there was enough room in the market for Coke’s new product to be released. After the idea of Coke Zero had been established, it then had to be run through the finance department in order to assess whether or not it would be efficient to release this product during this economic climate, at this time period. After the decision to release Coke Zero had been established, Coke had to think of an effective marketing technique which would draw in sales for the product.This was done through specialising their Coke Zero advertisements to appeal to men. This can be seen through their commercials, where they keep their male audience’s attention by adding explosions and adrenaline pumped sport activities. All the information that Coke gathered has been productively used in order to make Coke Zero the best it can be. This was done through using thorough research based on areas which aided the production of Coke Zero in terms of potential sales and demand. [pic]

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